Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands

AGRICULTURE

Agriculture: translation

Agriculture has been one of the most important means of subsistence since prehistoric times. During the Middle Ages, agriculture was mainly organized by large landowners, including monasteries, or by colonists who turned wastelands into cultivated farms, for instance, in the borderland between the provincesof Hollandand Utrecht. In the later Middle Ages, serfdom disappeared in most parts of western Europe. Agriculture became mostly a smallscale enterprise in the Netherlands, farmers being owners or tenants. During the 19th century, agriculture was a prospering sector of economic activities, particularly in the coastal provinces, apart from a severe agricultural crisis in 1878; other production, cooperation, and specializing countered this crisis.In the last decades of this century, the farms in the sandy areas of the country transformed from a socalled peasant economy to a more profitable commercial economy. In the 20th century, the number of farms has steadily decreased, although new land was reclaimed in the IJsselmeer. Yet, through intensive cultivation, economies of scale, and modern techniques, some sectors such as the production of cheese, vegetables, and flowers have survived or prospered. Dairy farming also remained a highly developed branch. Nevertheless, the agricultural sector has not ceased shrinking, dropping from about 300,000 farms in 1968 to around 145,000 in 1980 and about 81,000 in 2005. Now using about 54 percent of the Dutch soil, it represents about 2 percent of gross national product. The proportion of people working in agriculture diminished from about 17 percent in 1950 to just 1 percent of the present labor force. This decline has probably been eased by policies of the European Union (EU) and its predecessors. The issuing of rules, for instance, to decrease milk and dung surpluses, has made farming a more complicated activity recently. Furthermore, swine fever (1997), foot-and-mouth disease (2001), and fowl pest (2003) had to be controlled. Yet, the Netherlands is still one of world’s greatest exporters of agricultural products. Dutch forestry, however, is only a marginal industry, because woodland is scarce and mostly used for recreational purposes.
See also Fishing; Wageningen.

  1. agriculture—Agriculture translation Egypt was an agricultural country in which the bulk of the population were peasant farmers involved in work on the land. The fertility of the land...Ancient Egypt
  2. agriculture—agriculture translation nounADJECTIVE modern intensive organic sustainable conventional traditional largescale smallscale peasant subsistence slashandbur...Collocations dictionary
  3. agriculture—A largescale farming enterprise The practice of cultivating the land or raising stock The federal department that administers programs that provide services to farmers ...Crosswordopener
  4. agriculture—agriculture bersetzungLandwirtschaft fagriculture biologique biologische Landwirtschaft f agriculture [agikylty] Substantif fminin Landwirtschaft fmininem...Dictionnaire Francais-Allemand
  5. agriculture—agriculture bersetzungLandwirtschaft fagriculture biologique biologische Landwirtschaft f agriculture [agikylty] Substantif fminin Landwirtschaft fmininem...Dictionnaire Francais-Allemand
  6. agriculture—Agriculture translation Tilling the ground Gen. and rearing cattle were the chief employments in ancient times. The Egyptians excelled in agriculture. And after the I...Easton's Bible Dictionary
  7. agriculture—agriculture translation agriculturestrong agriculture [grklt r] noun [uncountable] FARMING the practice or science of farming Agriculture accounts for over of net do...Financial and business terms
  8. agriculture—agriculture translation the science art and business of cultivating the soil producing crops and raising livestock farming....Geography glossary
  9. agriculture—Agriculture translation Agriculture most often associated with the kibbutzstrong has occupied a position of prominence in Israel and in Zioniststrong ideology greater tha...Historical Dictionary of Israel
  10. agriculture—AGRICULTURE translation Agriculture formed the basis of the Mesopotamian economy. The first steps toward a managed production of cereals were taken as early as the th mil...Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia
  11. agriculture—AGRICULTURE translation Great advances have been made in the systematic study of Etruscan agriculture now that direct methods of analysis have substantially augmented the...Historical Dictionary of the Etruscans
  12. agriculture—Agriculture translation Due to its geographystrong and climatestrong agriculture in Russia is limited to approximately percent of the countrys territory or . million squ...Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation
  13. agriculture—Agriculture translation Seeem Farmers....Historical dictionary of Weimar Republik
  14. agriculture—agriculture translationSynonyms and related wordsCeres Cora Demeter Dionysos Dionysus Flora Frey Gaea Gaia Kore Persephassa Persephone Pomona Proserpina Proserpine Tripto...Moby Thesaurus
  15. agriculture—[grkl]сельское хозяйство земледелие агрономия...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  16. agriculture—transcription транскрипция [ rklt ] сельское хозяйство земледелие agriculture and fisheries agriculture and related industries commercial agriculture extensive a...Англо-русский деловой словарь
  17. agriculture—сельское хозяйство...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  18. agriculture—сельское хозяйство земледелие агрономия...Англо-русский научно-технический словарь
  19. agriculture—сельское хозяйство...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  20. agriculture—сельское хозяйство...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  21. agriculture—земледелие сельское хозяйство агрокультура сельскохозяйственная культура сельскохозяйственная культура...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  22. agriculture—a сельскохозяйственный...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  23. agriculture—n агрономия земледелие сельское хозяйство...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  24. agriculture—agriculture [grklt] nu сельское хозяйство земледелие агрономияMinistry of A. министерство земледелия в Англии...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  25. agriculture—сущ. сельское хозяйство земледелие агрономия Board of Agriculture министерство земледелия в Англии Syn farming...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  26. agriculture—сельское хозяйство аграрный сектор...Англо-русский словарь по биотехнологиям
  27. agriculture—n sociology of agriculture...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  28. agriculture—strong сельское хозяйствоstrong земледелие агрономия commercial agriculture continental agriculture crofting agriculture diversified agriculture dry agriculture efficient...Англо-русский словарь по экономике
  29. agriculture—nсельское хозяйство земледелиеto adopt to agriculture приспосабливать к нуждам сельского хозяйстваto reconstruct agriculture перестраивать сельское хозяйство cropgrowin...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  30. agriculture—n. агрокультура сельское хозяйство земледелие агрономия...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  31. agriculture—сельское хозяйство земледелие agriculture and fisheries agriculture and related industries commercial agriculture extensive agriculture subsistence agriculture...Англо-русский словарь финансовых терминов
  32. agriculture—rkltсельское хозяйство земледелие агрономия...Англо-русский словарь экономических терминов
  33. agriculture—сущ. sociology of agriculture[m]...Англо-русский социологический словарь
  34. agriculture—сельский хлебопашество...Англо-русский технический словарь
  35. agriculture—сущ.сельское хозяйствоа с.х. одна из отраслей материального производства связанная с возделыванием сельскохозяйственных культур и разведением сельскохозяйственных животны...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  36. agriculture—nсльське господарство землеробство агрономя Board of Agriculture...Англо-украинский словарь
  37. agriculture—землеробство...Англо-український словник
  38. agriculture—n сльське господарство землеробство агрономя Board of Agriculture мнстерство землеробства у Великй Британ обробток земл хлборобство....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  39. agriculture—f земледелие полеводство растениеводство сельское хозяйство agriculture collectivise коллективное сельское хозяйствоchambre dagriculture сельскохозяйственная палата пр...Большой французско-русский и русско-французский словарь
  40. agriculture—f земледелие полеводство растениеводство сельское хозяйство agriculture collectivise коллективное сельское хозяйствоchambre dagriculture сельскохозяйственная палата пр...Большой французско-русский и русско-французский словарь
  41. agriculture—[grklt] n сельское хозяйство земледелие агрокультура хлебопашество...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  42. agriculture—agriculture [grklt] ni сельское хозяйство земледелие агрокультура хлебопашество...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  43. agriculture—grklt n сельское хозяйство земледелие агрокультура хлебопашество...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  44. agriculture—f земледелие полеводство растениеводство сельское хозяйство agriculture collectivise коллективное сельское хозяйство chambre dagriculture сельскохозяйственная палата ...Новый французско-русский словарь
  45. agriculture—f земледелие полеводство растениеводство сельское хозяйство agriculture collectivise коллективное сельское хозяйство chambre dagriculture сельскохозяйственная палата ...Новый французско-русский словарь
  46. agriculture—сельскохозяйственное производство отрасль сельское хозяйство...Французско-русский экономический словарь