Historical dictionary of shamanism

CHRISTIANITY

Christianity: translation

Claims that the founders of Christianity—Jesus Christ and his disciples—were shamans have been made on the basis of the prevalence ofhealingandexorcismin the Bible.JohnAllegro’s claim that Christianity began among a group who ate hallucinogenicmushroomsis no more likely than the popular myth thatSanta Clauswas a shaman.JohnPilch’s interpretation of Jesus as a shaman (or “holy man,” as Pilch prefers) is largely founded on the privileging of “skyjourneying” (followingMichael WinkelmanandRogerWalsh). The many competing understandings of the “historical Jesus” and of earliest Christianity make any theory based on a single theme or issue highly unlikely.
Nonetheless, contact between Christianity and indigenous,animist, and shaman-employing cultures has often resulted in clearly shamanic fusions andpossessioncults.ManyCaribbeanandSouthAmericanreligious traditions, such asVodouandUmbanda, creatively blendAfricanand localcosmologiesandperformanceswith forms of Christianity. Although the majority of these blend Roman Catholic imagery of saints with significant deities from other traditions, Orthodox Christians can also be attracted to shamanic practices, as in theZarpossession cult in Ethiopia. While Protestant Christians generally oppose religions other than their own, Pentecostalist movements in Africa andCentral Americacan fuse indigenous antipossession and anti-witchcraftpractices withtranceorecstaticvisionaryperformances. TheSpiritual Baptistmovement, originating in Saint Vincent but now also in the United States, creatively fused African-derived trance practices with revivalist Christianity. Also in the United States, theNative American Churchtypifies an indigenizing movement that fuses elements of Christianity withNative Americanand Central American (especiallyHuicholor Wixáritari) religious cultures.

  1. christianity—Christianity translation Christianity An account is given of Christianity as a religion describing its origin its relation to other religions its essential nature and ch...Catholic encyclopedia
  2. christianity—Christianity translation nounADJECTIVE evangelical fundamentalist Orthodox Protestant etc. biblical early...Collocations dictionary
  3. christianity—The system of Christian beliefs and practices A group of Christians Any group professing Christian doctrine or belief The collective body of Christians throughout the ...Crosswordopener
  4. christianity—Christianity translationProtestantismProtestant Christianity is the fastestgrowing religion in China. In the number of Protestant Christians was only around but by the...Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture
  5. christianity—Christianity translation In the early Middle Ages Christianity was propa gated by missionaries from England. One of the first was Willibrord who preached among the Frisia...Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands
  6. christianity—Christianity translation The history of Christianity in Russia dates back over a millennium to when Prince Vladimir I of Kiev officially adopted Christianity of the Byzan...Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation
  7. christianity—Christianity translationSynonyms and related wordsChristendom Christianism Christlikeness Christliness JudeoChristian religion Orthodox Christianity Protestant Christiani...Moby Thesaurus
  8. christianity—[krstnt]христианство...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  9. christianity—христианство...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  10. christianity—христианство...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  11. christianity—n христианство...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  12. christianity—Christianity [krstnt] nu христианство...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  13. christianity—сущ. рел. сокр. Xnty христианство...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  14. christianity—n .strong христианство христианская вера одна из мировых религий наряду с буддизмом и исламом .strong христиане христианский мир. strong христианство христианская вера ...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  15. christianity—n христианство христианская религия христианская вера собир. христианство христиане христианский мирto adopt Christianity принимать христианствоto convert to Christiani...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  16. christianity—n. христианство...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  17. christianity—сущ. христианство одна из трех мировых монотоистических религий возникла в м в. н. э. в восточных провинциях Римской империи среди евреев Палестины основана на вере в бог...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  18. christianity—n...Англо-украинский словарь
  19. christianity—християнство...Англо-український словник
  20. christianity—n християнство християнська релгя вра християнське вросповдання збрн. християни християнський свт....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  21. christianity—[krstnt] n христианство христианская вера религия христианское вероисповедание христианское вероучение собир. христиане христианство христианский мир...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  22. christianity—Christianity [krstnt] ni христианство христианская вера религия христианское вероисповедание христианское вероучение собир. iхристиане христианство христианский мир...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  23. christianity—krstnt n христианство христианская вера религия христианское вероисповедание христианское вероучение собир. emхристиане христианство христианский мир...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна