Historical Dictionary of Scandinavian Literature and Theater

ROMANTICISM

Romanticism: translation

The romantic movement arose as a reaction against the neoclassicism of the 18th century. Its philosophical ideas, shaped partly by the ideas of the German philosophers Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814) and Friedrich Schelling (1775-1854), emphasized the unity of the object and human perception as well as the unity of spirit andnature. God, the highest manifestation of spirit, could thus be found in nature, and the romantic genius was thought to be able to apprehend the divine and thus have a prophetic function. Romantic writers consequently emphasized the central role ofthe individual, the faculty of the imagination, and the relationship between truth, beauty, and goodness.
The early stirrings of the romantic movement can be observed in the poetry of the DaneJohannes Ewaldand the SwedeJohan Henric Kellgren, who were active in the 1770s and 1780s, respectively.The movement found its first full expression in the work of the DaneAdam Oehlenschlager, while the poetic dramaLycksalighetens o(1824-1827; The Isle of Bliss) by the SwedePer Daniel Amadeus Atterbomis recognized as its greatest Swedish manifestation. Under the influence of the thought of Johann Gottfried von Herder (17441803), however, romanticism in Scandinavia soon developed intonationalromanticism.
See alsoGeijer, Erik Gustav; Grundtvig, Nikolaj Frederik Severin; Stagnelius, Erik Johan; Tegner, Esaias.

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