Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

SEPARATISM

Separatism: translation

Given Russia’s history with separatist movements during World War I and the ensuing Civil War—which gave birth to theBaltic States,Finland, and the short-lived independent states ofUkraineandGeorgia—and thedissolution of the Soviet Unionin 1991, the fear of separatism runs high in Moscow. Chechnya’s declaration of independence and Tatarstan’s decision to pursue diplomatic relations with foreign states in the early 1990s forced theYeltsinadministration to treat the question of regional autonomy with kid gloves.
While making it clear that the Kremlin would not tolerate secession from the Russian Federation (even going to the lengths of military invasion to preclude such actions), Boris Yeltsin’s policy ofasymmetrical federalismallowed Russia’sethnic republicsto enjoy nearly all aspects of sovereignty.Despite such liberal policies, support for separatism remained high among the titular nationalities of these regions through the next decade (inKomiandSakha,ethnic Russiansare also generally supportive of separatism). The reasons behind such support are varied, and include resentment toward the center on resource-sharing; competition among elites for jobs and political influence; conflict between ethnic Russians and the indigenous populations; religious disputes (particularly related toIslamism); and historical grievances.
Chechnya and Tatarstan remain the bastions of such sentiment, butBashkortostan,Adygeya, andTuvaare also predisposed to separatism. UnderVladimir Putin, centrifugal trends were reversed, particularly through legislative reforms that allowed the president to appoint regional governors. Putin’s successful postconflict management of the secondChechen Wardramatically decreased local calls for independence, while sustained economic growth related to risingoilandnatural gasprices mitigated separatist sentiment in other parts of the federation. The question of secession still remains very much a part of the fabric ofpoliticsin the ethnic republics, but it appears that the federal government has successfully averted another round of territorial losses that many geopoliticians predicted during the 1990s.

  1. separatism—separatism translation the efforts of certain groups to create autonomous regions or even achieve national independence for a particular area within an existing nationsta...Geography glossary
  2. separatism—separatism translationSynonyms and related wordsabstraction alienation apartheid detachment disarticulation disassociation disconnectedness disconnection discontinuity di...Moby Thesaurus
  3. separatism—[seprtzm]сепаратизм...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  4. separatism—n сепаратизм...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  5. separatism—separatism [seprtzm] nu сепаратизм...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  6. separatism—сущ. сепаратизм political separatism политический сепаратизм racial separatism расовый сепаратизм religious separatism религиозный сепаратизм...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  7. separatism—n. сепаратизм...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  8. separatism—сущ. пол. сепаратизм стремление к обособлению проявляющееся как правило у национальных меньшинств в многонациональных государствах и направленное на создание самостоятель...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  9. separatism—сепаратизм...Англо-русский юридический словарь
  10. separatism—n...Англо-украинский словарь
  11. separatism—сепаратизм...Англо-украинский юридический словарь
  12. separatism—сепаратизм...Англо-український словник
  13. separatism—n сепаратизм....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  14. separatism—сепаратизм...Англо-український юридичний словник
  15. separatism—[seprtzm] n...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  16. separatism—separatism [seprtzm] ni сепаратизм...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  17. separatism—seprtzm n сепаратизм...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  18. separatism—s.n. pol. сепаратизм m....Румынско-русский словарь
  19. separatism—Сепаратизм...Шведсько-український словник
  20. separatism—Сепаратизм...Эстонско-русский словарь