Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

LABOR FORCE

Labor force: translation

Due to the Soviet legacy, the Russian workforce is highly educated and enjoys nearly universal literacy. Nine out of 10 Russian workers have completed secondaryeducationor higher.Genderequality is also high, withwomenmaking up nearly half of the workforce in the mid-1990s, though this figure has dropped in the past decade. However, ideological concerns during the Soviet period left a negative legacy as well, with most Russian workers being trained for careers in heavyindustry(construction, manufacturing, chemicals, etc.) andagriculture.
With little to no focus on the service sector until the late 1980s, the transition to a market-basedeconomyrequired extensive retraining for many workers and left others in untenable positions.During the 1990s, economic hardship hit certain sectors particularly hard, including scientists, educators, and other professions dependent on the public sector.Unemploymentemerged as a major social ill during this period, particularly given the fact that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) enjoyed universal employment, at least in theory. As a result, participation in the “black” or “gray economies” became a necessary evil for many.
Due to the control of theCommunist Party of the Soviet Unionand the perpetuation of the myth of the “worker state” under Communism,trade unionswielded little power in the Soviet and immediate post-Soviet eras. As such, wage arrears, poor working conditions, and other labor problems proved pernicious during theYeltsinera. Russia’s labor force is currently estimated at 75 million out of a total population of 140 million.
As president,VladimirPutin’s plans to double the country’s gross domestic product resulted in a renewed commitment to improving the quality of the workforce, particularly through training and improved education.Demographic challenges—particularly the aging of the workforce, lowered life expectancy, massive commitments to pensioners, and low fertility rates—are expected to cause a dramatic, if not catastrophic, decline in the labor force over the coming decades. As a result, Russia is becoming increasingly dependent onimmigration—particularly from theCaucasusandCentral Asia—to maintain its workforce, though this has led to increasingly acute social and political problems in the Russian Federation.
See alsoChinese, Ethnic.

  1. labor force—labor force translation labor force UKu USu nounu [Cu] USu HRu LABOUR FORCECf. labour force...Financial and business terms
  2. labor force—рабочие...Англо-русский геологический словарь
  3. labor force—рабочая сила...Англо-русский машиностроительный словарь
  4. labor force—рабочая сила...Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению и автоматизации производства
  5. labor force—strong рабочая силаstrong число работающих численность рабочих и служащих напр.em на предприятии plem трудовые ресурсы самодеятельное население...Англо-русский словарь по экономике
  6. labor force—рабочая сила plu трудовые ресурсы...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  7. labor force—рабочая сила...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  8. labor force—рабочая силаАнглорусский строительный словарь. М. Русский Язык.С.Н.Корчемкина С.К.Кашкина С.В.Курбатова...Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов
  9. labor force—рабочая сила....Англо-русский экономический словарь
  10. labor force—Робоча сила...Англо-український словник авіаційних термінів