Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

ENVIRONMENTALISM

Environmentalism: translation

In a country where almost nocivil societydeveloped outside the purview of theCommunist Party of the Soviet Union, the environmental cause defied the odds to become one of the first major popular causes in the 1980s. Due to a Leninist approach to the environment, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) suffered from widespread environmental degradation resulting from wasteful irrigation schemes, aluminum smelting, overuse of fertilizers and pesticides,nuclear weaponstesting, and chemical spills. An excessive emphasis on heavyindustrycontributed to massive emissions of carbon, as well as other dangerous industrial pollutants.
The catalyst for the environmental movement, however, was the meltdown of theChernobylnuclear power plant inUkraine. Intellectuals, public activists, and indigenousethnic minorities, under the comparative protections ofglasnost, mobilized in the wake of the event, helping to expose other major ecological tragedies in the Aral andCaspianseas, northeasternKazakhstan, andLake Baykal. In 1987, a new state agency, the USSR State Committee for Environmental Protection, was established to oversee the Soviet Union’s ecology.
In 1992,Boris Yeltsinreceived a country devastated by decades of hazardous environmental exploitation, radioactivity, and rampant air and waterpollution.However, the difficulties associated with the country’s transition to a marketeconomy, combined with the relative weakness of civic organizations, precluded the development of a mass environmental movement. A number ofpolitical parties, including theRussian Ecological Partyand theAgrarian Party of Russia, sought to improve ecological conditions, as did theindigenous peoples of the northand other ethnic and cultural organizations. Neighboring countries—Norway, in particular—have also sought to promote a more effective environmental protection regime in the Russian Federation.
Unfortunately, a powerful array of interests, includingoligarchs, transnational corporations, and themilitaryandsecurity services, stonewalled any meaningful action, despite the existence of relevant laws meant to safeguard the environment andwildlife. In recent years, Russian corporations have demonstrated more concern for their impact on the environment, and, after some prevarication,Vladimir Putinsigned the country to theKyoto Protocol. However, environmentalism in Russia remains anemic when compared to other northern European countries.

  1. environmentalism—деятельность по охране окружающей среды природоохранная деятельность энвайронментализм...Англо-русский словарь по экологии
  2. environmentalism—environmentalism translation environmentalism UKu USu nvarmentsuplzsupm USu varmentsupl nounu [Uu] ENVIRONMENTu the study of the environment and the belief that it must...Financial and business terms
  3. environmentalism—environmentalism translation the politicization of concern for the environment and demands for action to protect and conserve it....Geography glossary
  4. environmentalism—Environmentalism translation As in most other European countries concern about the quality of the environment began to emerge in Italy in the s and early s. Overbuilding ...Historical Dictionary of modern Italy
  5. environmentalism—Environmentalism translation Shamans cannot strictly be identified as environmentalists because as animistsstrong they are members of a large community of life rather tha...Historical dictionary of shamanism
  6. environmentalism—Environmentalism translation Organized Dutch nature protection started around . The Vereniging tot Behoud van Natuurmonumenten in Nederland Dutch Society for the Maintena...Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands
  7. environmentalism—энвайронментализм учение об окружающей среде...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  8. environmentalism—n движение в защиту окружающей среды...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  9. environmentalism—n .strong инвайронментализм социологический подход предполагающий анализ социальных реалий через призму среды их существования .strong социальное движение борющееся за ка...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  10. environmentalism—сущ.emstrong инвайронментализм социологический подход предполагающий анализ социальных реалий через призму среды их существования социальное движение борющееся за качеств...Англо-русский социологический словарь
  11. environmentalism—экон.u сущ.u движение в защиту окружающей среды социальное движение борющееся за качество окружающей средыem This research suggests that politicians who claim environment...Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический словарь И. Мостицкого
  12. environmentalism—сущ.энвайронментализм инвайронментализма соц. пол. теория согласно которой социальное и природное окружение в большей степени предопределяет поведение людей чем наследств...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  13. environmentalism—Движение за охрану окружающей среды. Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии....Краткий толковый словарь по полиграфии
  14. environmentalism—[nvarnmentlzm] nдвижение в защиту окружающей среды...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  15. environmentalism—environmentalism [nvarnmentlzm] ni движение в защиту окружающей среды...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  16. environmentalism—nvarnmentlzm n движение в защиту окружающей среды...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна