Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

CLIMATE

Climate: translation

Due to its sheer size and bicontinentalgeography, Russia’s climate runs to the extremes; however, it is largely continental in nature, with hot summers and long, snowy winters. Autumn and spring are rather brief, both featuring periods ofrasputitsa(quagmire season), characterized by rapid rainfalls and melting of the ground snow, that make many roads impassable. Russia’s harsh winter weather has historical relevance, stymieing invasions by both NapoleonicFranceand NaziGermany. Summers in the European part of Russia are very warm and beautiful with plenty of sunshine and long balmy evenings. In the summer, many Russians move out to the countryside to enjoy the delights of rural anddachalife. There are numerous resorts, especially near rivers and lakes, where Russians spend their summer holidays.
The record low temperature is –71° Celsius, recorded in 1974 in theFar North; this is the lowest recorded temperature in any inhabited portion of the globe. In most of European Russia, the average yearly temperature is just below freezing, while inSiberia, the average is much lower. Russia’s large mountain ranges, as well as the Himalayas, tend to block moderating climate patterns from the Indian and Pacific oceans. Unlike most of northern Europe, Russia is too far to the east to benefit from the warming influence of the North Atlantic Current. Unfortunately, the north-south axis of theUral Mountainsdoes little to protect the country from weather patterns originating in theArctic Ocean.Exceptional climatic zones include the maritime climate of the Baltic exclaveKaliningrad, small subtropical areas around theBlack Sea, thetundrain Russia’s Far North, and the monsoonal climate of theRussian Far East.
During the winter, railways and othertransportationroutes in Siberia use frozen rivers and lakes, due to the dependability of the cold conditions. In the Far North, many edifices are built directly on the permafrost. At the northern latitudes, the lack of sunlight, long nights, and cold temperatures require increased demands forhealth careand energy; during the Soviet era, much of this was subsidized by the state, but since thedissolution of the Soviet Union, life in these regions has become more difficult and many Russians have quit the north, heading toMoscow,St.Petersburg, or southern Russia. The exception is regions where hydrocarbon and mineral exploitation allows for higher wages, such asKhantiya-MansiyaandSakha. Precipitation in Russia is comparatively low; this is especially the case along the Arctic Ocean coastline and the semiaridsteppezones near the 6,500-kilometer-longKazakhstanborder.
The climate’s influence onagricultureis profound; in much of the northern half of the country, thetaigadominates, preventing most forms of traditional agriculture. As a result, animal husbandry, particularly reindeer herding, remains a traditional occupation. In the southern reaches of Russia,chernozemand other fertile soils are common, which, combined with the region’s ample summertime sunshine, produce grains, potatoes, and vegetables in large quantities. Russia’s citrus and other warm-weather crops are produced in a relatively compact area in and around theNorth Caucasus.
See alsoRural life.

  1. climate—климат Англорусский медицинский словарь....Англо-русский медицинский словарь
  2. climate—климат...Англо-русский физический словарь
  3. climate—climate translation noun strong weather conditions of a particular regionADJECTIVE hot warm cold cool mild extreme harsh inhospitable severe the severe northern ...Collocations dictionary
  4. climate—climate translation climate UKu USu klamt nounu [Su or Uu] the type of situation that exists at a particular time including the feelings and opinions that are common pol...Financial and business terms
  5. climate—climate translation aggregate weather conditions of an area over a long period of time which allow for the designation of seasonal patterns and expected future weather....Geography glossary
  6. climate—CLIMATE translation The climate of Etruscan Italy was essentially the Mediterranean climate of today a wet winter and an extremely dry summer. However some authors sugges...Historical Dictionary of the Etruscans
  7. climate—climate translation The average weather conditions of an area including temperature rainfall humidity wind and hours of sunlight based on records kept for many years []....Lexicon of Cave and Karst Terminology
  8. climate—climate translationSynonyms and related wordsAntarctic Zone Arctic Circle Arctic Zone Frigid Zones Torrid Zone Tropic of Cancer Tropic of Capricorn Variable Zones Weltans...Moby Thesaurus
  9. climate—[klamt klamt]климатрайон с определенным климатоматмосфера обстановка настроениеакклиматизировать приспосабливать к новой средеакклиматизироваться приспосабливаться к ново...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  10. climate—климат arid climate аридный [сухой] климат continental climate континентальный климат oceanic climate океанический климат perpetual frost climate постоянноморозный климат...Англо-русский геологический словарь
  11. climate—arid climate external zone climate humid climate internal soil climate mild climate seasonal climate semiarid climate soil climate strongly seasonal climate temp...Англо-русский гидрогеологический словарь
  12. climate—климат район с определенным климатом атмосфера обстановка настроение акклиматизировать приспосабливать к новой среде акклиматизироваться приспосабливаться к новой сре...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  13. climate—климат...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  14. climate—климат...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  15. climate—климат arid climate boreal climate continental climate cottonbelt climate damp climate desert climate Etesian climate frigid climate lukewarm climate marine climate marit...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  16. climate—n климат...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  17. climate—climate [klamt] nu климат атмосфера настроение состояние общественного мнения частоem climate of opinion international climate международная обстановкаin a friendly cl...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  18. climate—употребляется в сочетаниях production climate...Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности
  19. climate—. [] сущ. климат arid climate сухой климат humid climate влажный климат temperate climate умеренный климат tropical climate тропический климат район с определенным ...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  20. climate—n .strong климат .strong район область с определенной погодой .strong атмосфера настроение умонастроениеclimate socialpsychological социальнопсихологический климатclimat...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  21. climate—nounuклимат mu...Англо-русский словарь по теории вероятности, статистике и комбинаторике
  22. climate—business climate economic climate organizational climate...Англо-русский словарь по экономике
  23. climate—n климат климат атмосфера обстановка to create a better climate for the peace talks улучшать обстановку для проведения мирных переговоровto defuse the climate разряжат...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  24. climate—n. климат атмосфера настроение состояние общественного мнения...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  25. climate—климат indoor climatestrongАнглорусский строительный словарь. М. Русский Язык.С.Н.Корчемкина С.К.Кашкина С.В.Курбатова...Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов
  26. climate—klamtклимататмосферанастроениесостояние общественного мнения...Англо-русский словарь экономических терминов
  27. climate—сущ.emstrong климат район область с определенной погодой атмосфера настроение умонастроение socialpsychological climate[m] climate of opinion[m]...Англо-русский социологический словарь
  28. climate—климат arid climate humid climate temperate climate tropical climate...Англо-русский технический словарь
  29. climate—n...Англо-украинский словарь
  30. climate—n . клмат . атмосфера настрй умонастрй favourable сприятлива атмосфера сприятливий клмат international мжнародна ситуаця political полтичний клмат unfavourable не...Англо-український дипломатичний словник
  31. climate—атмосфера клмат настрй...Англо-український словник
  32. climate—n клмат режим погоди arid climate desert climate global climate humid climate maritime climate monsoon climate mountain climate perpetual frost climate subtropical climat...Англо-український словник авіаційних термінів
  33. climate—. n клмат moderate temperate помрний клмат район область з певним режимом погоди перен. атмосфера настрй of opinion громадська думка . v аклматизуватися....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  34. climate—.strong [klamt] n. климатmild [healthy scorching dry humid wet damp] climate мягкий [здоровый знойный сухой влажный сырой] климатtemperate moderate climate умеренный кл...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  35. climate—climate . [klamt] ni . климат mild [healthy scorching dry humid wet damp] мягкий [здоровый знойный сухой влажный сырой] климат temperate moderate умеренный климат . р...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  36. climate—.strong klamt n . климат mild healthy scorching dry humid wet damp мягкий здоровый знойный сухой влажный сырой климат temperate moderate умеренный климат . район о...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна