Historical Dictionary of the Russian Federation

ATLANTICISM

Atlanticism: translation

Sociopolitical ideology; also called Euro-Atlanticism. The Atlanticist orientation of the late Soviet and early postindependence period of Russia can be traced back to the reforms of Peter the Great (1682–1725). Often called the Westernizing tsar, Peter attempted to embed Russia in the West, and Europeanize its people and customs. Since the 18th century, a series ofWesternizers(zapadniki) have sought to continue this trend, often competing withEurasianistswho argue for the “uniqueness” (samobytnost’) of Russia as neither fully Western nor Eastern.
This political debate came to the fore asglasnostallowed greater levels of integration between Eastern and Western Europe. The origins of contemporary Atlanticism can be dated withMikhailGorbachev’s seminal 1987 speech in Czechoslovakia in which he declared an “All-European House” of which Soviet Russia was a part. With Gorbachev’s June 1989 joint declaration with West German Chancellor Helmut Kohl supporting national self-determination, mutual reduction in nuclear and conventional forces, and a “Common European Home” in whichCanadaand theUnited Stateshave a role, the shift toward integration in the Euro-Atlantic community began in earnest. With thedissolution of the Soviet Unionand a definitive end to theCold War, the door to a transatlantic partnership including Russia, Western Europe, and North America became feasible.
Under the direction ofBorisYeltsin’s team of reformers, including Foreign MinisterAndrey Kozyrev(1990–1996), an attempt was made to transform Russia into a model Western European–style democracy, economically linked to the West rather than the USSR’s old allies and client states.While the elites in Russia embraced the Euro-Atlantic shift, theCommunist Partyand nationalists rejected cooperation with the country’s erstwhile enemies, often with popular support from rural and lower-class Russians. Over the course of Boris Yeltsin’s first administration, enthusiasm for the West began to wane, especially after theNorth Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO) expansion in the formerEastern Bloc, theClintonadministration’s failure to meet its economic commitments to a democratic Russia, and the Bosnian War.
The ascension ofYevgeny Primakovas foreign minister in 1996 signaled a shift away from Atlanticism towardEurasianismin Russia’sforeign relations. Russia’s exposure to global economic markets, the devaluation of theruble, and the Russianfinancial crisis of 1998further soured the Russian masses on the merits of Euro-Atlanticism, critically weakening those voices that encouraged greater integration with Europe. Although theSeptember 11 attacksbrought Russian and American interests into closer alignment (at least until the U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003), there has been little interest among Russian foreign policy elites in returning the country to a pro-Atlantic footing.

  1. atlanticism—[tlntszm]атлантизм...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  2. atlanticism—атлантизм тж. Atlanticism...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  3. atlanticism—n атлантизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами западной европы...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  4. atlanticism—сущ. полит. атлантизм тж. Atlanticism...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  5. atlanticism—nатлантицизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами Западной Европы и США.strong атлантицизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами Западной Европы и СШ...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  6. atlanticism—n полит.u...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  7. atlanticism—сущ. пол. атлантизм сложное геополитическое понятие соединяет в себе исторически западный сектор человеческой цивилизации стратегически союз западных стран в которых гл...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  8. atlanticism—[tlntszm] nатлантизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами Западной Европы и Соединнными Штатами в рамках Североатлантического договора...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  9. atlanticism—Atlanticism [tlntszm] ni атлантизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами Западной Европы и Соединнными Штатами в рамках Североатлантического договора...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  10. atlanticism—tlntszm n атлантизм политика тесного сотрудничества между странами Западной Европы и Соединнными Штатами в рамках Североатлантического договора...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна