MUSTAFA PASHA OF THE MIRAN

In the 1890s, Mustafa Pasha of the Miran was made a pasha of theHamidiye, the Kurdishtribalmilitia formed by Sultan Abdul Hamid II. He was the only chieftain of the formeremirateofBotanwho received the title of pasha (general). At the height of his power, Mustafa Pasha was virtually independent of theOttomangovernment in the area of what is now southeasternTurkeyaround the city ofCizre.