Historical dictionary of shamanism

DATURA

Datura: translation

The use of hallucinogens is not universal to shamanisms, but many shamans, especially inSouth America, engage with culturally recognized plants asother-than-human personsin intimate relationships that enable powerfulvisions. Datura is one suchentheogen, a variety of the Solanaceae (potato) family (which also includes deadly nightshade, henbane,tobacco, and mandrake) with a range of species widely distributed globally (common names include jimsonweed, devil’s apple, thorn apple, devil’s weed, stinkweed, and moonflower). Use of the plant to induce visions is focused on the Americas, especially Mexico and the American Southwest, with speculation that manyCentral Americancultures were familiar with datura’s hallucinogenic properties.Most famously but erroneously, the shamanic use of datura was promoted byCarlos Castanedain hisDon Juanmythos—yet Edward Spicer, an anthropologist and a specialist inYaquiculture states: “I know of no information or reference concerning Yaquis usingDatura.” Ingestion is, however, prevalent in South America where various “tree daturas” (Brugmansias) are used inayahuascaandSan Pedrobrews. Datura ingestion is held to produce the effects oftransformationintoanimalform andspiritflight. As such, datura use has been linked to European folklore on werewolves, andMichael Harnerand other scholars attribute the riding of Medievalwitcheson broomsticks to datura use in the witches’ salve or brew.Chas Cliftoncounters such claims as a misreading of a literary motif rather than as ethnographic historical data; that is, witches are identified in narratives as people who can fly, and evidence can be provided for the inadequacy of entheogen explanations.
The active hallucinogenic constituents of datura are the tropane alkaloids, especially hyoscyamine, scopolamine, and atropine, which are concentrated in the seeds. These alkaloids have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system (e.g., increasing heart rate) while simultaneously depressing the peripheral nerves (e.g., dehydration of mucus membranes), producing a period of agitation and visions often followed by a prolonged sleep. Overdose is fatal, so shamans who engage with the plant have sophisticated recipes for managing dosage.

  1. datura—мед.сущ. дурман Англорусский медицинский словарь....Англо-русский медицинский словарь
  2. datura—Thorn apple...Crosswordopener
  3. datura—[dtjur]дурман...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  4. datura—дурман...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  5. datura—дурман...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  6. datura—дурман...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  7. datura—дурман Datura angeltears datura jimsonweed datura...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  8. datura—n дурман...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  9. datura—datura [dtjr] nu бот.u дурман...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  10. datura—сущ. бот. дурман...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  11. datura—n. дурман [бот.]...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  12. datura—дурман...Англо-український словник
  13. datura—n бот. дурман....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  14. datura—f бот....Большой испанско-русский словарь
  15. datura—f бот. дурман обыкновенный вонючий Итальянорусский словарь....Большой итальяно-русский и русско-итальянский словарь
  16. datura—f .ren бот.em дурман Datura L....Большой немецко-русский и русско-немецкий словарь
  17. datura—m бот....Большой французско-русский и русско-французский словарь
  18. datúra—[\datrat \datraja \datrak] nv. дурман Datura...Венгерско-русский словарь
  19. datura—[dtjr] n бот.дурман Datura spp....Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  20. datura—datura [dtjr] n бот.i дурман Datura spp.i...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  21. datura—dtjr n бот. дурман Datura spp.em...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  22. datura—m бот. дурман...Новый французско-русский словарь
  23. datura—m дурман обыкновенный Datura stramonium L. дурман вонючий Datura stramonium L....Французско-русский медицинский словарь