Historical Dictionary of modern Italy

ALBANIA

Albania: translation

During World War I, Italy offered hospitality to the provisional Albanian government in Durazzo (Durres), an Albanian port city over which Italy had established a de facto protectorate. Austria seized the city in February 1916. Control over Albania’s inhospitable mountains was hotly contested by Austrian and Italian forces until the war’s end.
By 1926, the mutual assistance Treaty of Tirana ensured that Albania had become, in effect, an Italian protectorate: The banking system and much of its commercial life were already operating under Italian auspices and financing. Within a year, the prime minister was crowned as Zog I. In 1931, large Italian loans under Italian supervision put most of Albania’s economy under effective Italian control while purporting to modernize an abysmally poor and undeveloped country.The Italian response to a brief attempt by Zog to loosen Italy’s hold was to send the Italian fleet to browbeat him into submitting to even greater Italian influence over Albania’s army, schools, and economy. By the mid-1930s, most officers in the Albanian army were Italian. Germany’s 1938 Anschluss with Austria and subsequent annexation of Czechoslovakia prompted Benito Mussolini to consider redressing the Balkan imbalance by directly annexing Albania. Italy’s sudden invasion in April 1939 forced Zog to leave for Greece, while a new Albanian Constituent Assembly asked for union with Italy, a request to which King Victor Emmanuel III readily acceded. In the following year, the virtual dismemberment of Romania by the Soviet occupation of (formerly Russian) parts of Romania and by cessions of other territories to Hungary and Bulgaria led Mussolini to ask Greece for the right to use Greek bases in the event of hostilities. When the request was refused, Italy invaded Greece from Albania on 28 October 1940.
Within a month, the Greeks had not only repelled the Italians but had occupied a quarter of Albania and taken nearly 30,000 Italian prisoners, obliging Germany to send 50,000 troops to Italy’s assistance. Together with British defeats of Italian forces in Africa, this resulted in Italian prestige plummeting, and Mussolini’s hopes of waging a parallel war in the Mediterranean independently of Germany were dashed. Hereafter Italy was to be the subordinate partner in a relationship that continued to cost Germany manpower and materiel.
When the postwar isolation of a rigidly Stalinist Albania came to an end in the late 1980s, thousands sought to leave. They naturally turned to the closest European nation. An overnight ferry ride was all that separated them from entry into the European Community and to the wealth of Western opportunities. Italy suddenly found itself having to deal with boatloads of illegal, undocumented Albanian immigrants seeking refuge from deprivation. Police wearing surgical gloves herded the new arrivals into soccer stadiums and loaded them on buses to be shipped to northern cities and to Rome, where, they were told, they would be provided with work permits and helped to find housing and employment. However, stunned Albanians were then put on other buses and sent to airports for flights back to Tirana. Thereafter, they were reluctant to accept at face value any Italian official assurances. Beginning in early March 1997, the disintegration of the Albanian state led Italy to begin evacuating Italian and European nationals. On 14 April 1997, Italy accepted the United Nations Security Council invitation to lead a coalition of forces from France, Greece, Hungary, Rumania, and Spain to protect humanitarian-aid deliveries.
See alsoImmigration.

  1. albania—Albania translation Albania The ancient Epirus and Illyria is the most western land occupied by the Turks in Europe dd Catholic Encyclopedia.Kevin Knight Albania Albani...Catholic encyclopedia
  2. albania—Albania translation Albania a small primarily Muslim country on the Adriatic Sea northwest of Greece has had a tumultuous religious history. After the thcentury split bet...Encyclopedia of Protestantism
  3. albania—Albania translation [Swahili Word]u Albania [English Word]u Albania [Part of Speech]u noun [Class]u [Terminology]u geography...Swahili-english dictionary
  4. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  5. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  6. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  7. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  8. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  9. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  10. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  11. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  12. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  13. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  14. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  15. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  16. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  17. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  18. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  19. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  20. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  21. albania—Albania bersetzung Albaunia historische Landschaft im stlichen Kaukasien lag am mittleren und unteren Kyros jetzt Kura umfasste groe Teile des heutigen Aserbaidschan un...Universal-Lexicon
  22. albania—[elbenj]Албания...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  23. albania—албания...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  24. albania—албания...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  25. albania—n Албания...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  26. albania—Albania noun Албания Peoples Socialist Republic of Albania Народная Социалистическая Республика Албания НСРА...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  27. albania—сущ. геогр. Republic of Albania Албания государство в Южной Европе на западе Балканского пова столица Тирана...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  28. albania—n Greater Albania...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  29. albania—n. Албания геогр....Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  30. albania—the Republic of AlbaniaАлбания Республика Албания...Англо-русский терминологический словарь МИД России
  31. albania—сущ. общ. Албания республика столица Тирана государственный язык албанский национальная валюта лекem lek Black Sea Economic Cooperation Bank of Albania countries in tra...Англо-русский экономический словарь
  32. albania—албаня...Англо-український словник
  33. albania—n геогр. н. Албаня....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  34. albania—f Repblica Popular Socialista de Albania...Большой испанско-русский словарь
  35. albanìa—Албания Итальянорусский словарь....Большой итальяно-русский и русско-итальянский словарь
  36. albánia—Албания ж [\Albniat] fldr. Албания...Венгерско-русский словарь
  37. albánia—Албания ж [\Albniat] fldr. Албания...Венгерско-русский словарь
  38. albanía—albanija f Albanu Албания Albanska alulveldi Народная Республика Албания...Исландско-русский словарь
  39. albanía—albanija f Albanu Албания Albanska alulveldi Народная Республика Албания...Исландско-русский словарь
  40. albania—Albnia ae f.Альбания страна на югозап. берегу Каспийского моря на реках Кура и Араке PM AG...Латинско-русский словарь
  41. albania—[lben] n геогр.Republic of Albania Республика АлбанияPeoples Socialist Republic of Albania ист. Народная Социалистическая Республика Албания...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  42. albania—Albania [lben] n геогр.i Албания Republic of Республика Албания Peoples Socialist Republic of ист. iНародная Социалистическая Республика Албания...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  43. albania—lben n геогр. Албания Republic of Республика Албания Peoples Socialist Republic of ист. emНародная Социалистическая Республика Албания...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  44. albania—АлбанияDen albanske folkerepublikk Народная Республика Албания...Норвежско-русский словарь
  45. albania—[альбанья]...Польсько-український словник
  46. albânia—f геогрu...Португальско-русский словарь
  47. albania—Rzeczownik Albania Албания...Универсальный польско-русский словарь
  48. albania—Albanian tasavaltaАлбаuния Респуuблика Алба...Финско-русский словарь
  49. albania—Albanian tasavaltaАлбаuния Респуuблика Алба...Финско-русский словарь