RULERS OF MESOPOTAMIA

The numbers concern regnal year. Dates for all of the third and much of

the second millennium are provisional. Several dynasties or individual

reigns were contemporary with others.

Mebaragesi c. 2650?

Agga c. 2600?

Mesalim c. 2550?

Meskalamdug c. 2620?

Akalamdug c. 2600?

Enhegal c. 2570

Lugal-saengur c. 2550

Ur-Nanshe c. 2494–2465

Akurgal c. 2464–2455

Eannatum c. 2454–2425

Enannatum I c. 2424–2404

Enmetena c. 2403–c. 2375

Enannatum II c. 2374–c. 2365

Enentarzi c. 2364–c. 2359

Lugalanda c. 2358–2352

Uruinimgina c. 2351–2342

Lugalzagesi c. 2341–2316

Sargon c.2340–2284?

Rimush c. 2284–2276

Manishtusu c. 2275–2261

Naram-Sin c. 2260–c. 2224

Shar-kali-sharri c. 2223–c. 2198

Uruk (Second Dynasty)

Utuhegal c. 2119–2112

Gudea c. 2141–c. 2122

Third Dynasty of Ur

Ur-Nammu c. 2113–c. 2096

Shulgi c. 2094–2047

Amar-Suen c. 2046–c. 2038

Shu-Sin c. 2037–c. 2027

Ibbi-Sin c. 2026–2004?

Ishbi-Erra c. 2017–c. 1985

Shu-ilishu c. 1984–c. 1975

Iddin-Dagan c. 1974–1954

Ishme-Dagan c. 1953–c. 1935

Lipit-Ishtar c. 1934–c. 1923

Ur-Ninurta c. 1923–c. 1896

Bur-Sin c. 1895–c. 1874

Lipit-Enlil c. 1873–c. 1869

Erra-imitti c. 1868–c. 1861

Enlil-bani c. 1860–c. 1837

Zambiya c. 1836–c. 1834

Iter-pisha c. 1833–c. 1831

Ur-dukuga c. 1830–1828

Sin-magir c. 1827–c. 1817

Damiq-ilishu c. 1816–c. 1794

Naplanum c. 2025–c. 2005

Emisum c. 2004–c. 1977

Samium c. 1976–c. 1942

Zabaya c. 1941–c. 1933

Gungunum c. 1932–c. 1906

Abisare c. 1905–c. 1895

Sumuel c. 1894–1866

Nur-Adad c. 1865–1850

Sin-iddinam c. 1849–c. 1843

Sin-eribam c. 1842–c. 1841

Sin-iqisham c. 1840–1836

Silli-Adad c. 1835

Warad-Sin c. 1834–c. 1823

Rim-Sin I c. 1822–1763

Rim-Sin II c. 1741–?

First Dynasty of Babylon

Sumu-abum c. 1894–c. 1881

Sumula’el c. 1880–c. 1845

Sabium c. 1844–1831

Apil-Sin c. 1830–c. 1813

Sin-muballit c. 1812–c. 1793

Hammurabi c. 1792–c. 1750

Samsu-iluna c. 1749–c. 1712

Abi-esuh c. 1711–c. 1684

Ammi-ditana c. 1683–c. 1647

Ammi-saduqa c. 1646–c. 1626

Samsu-ditana c. 1625–c. 1595

Puzur-Ashur I? (Early 20th century)

Shalim-Ahhe c. 1970?

Ilu-shuma c. 1960–c. 1939

Erishum I c. 1939–c. 1900

Ikunum? (Early 19th century)

Sargon I? (Early 19th century)

Puzur-Ashur II? (Mid-19th century)

Naram-Sin (Late 19th century)

Shamshi-Addu I c. 1813–c. 1781

Ishme-Dagan c. 1780–c. 1741

Yaggid-Lim c. 1820–c. 1811

Yahdun-Lim c. 1810–c. 1795

Sumuyaman c. 1794–?

(Shamshi-Adad)

(Yasmah-Adad)

Zimri-Lim c. 1775–1761

Gandash c. 1729–?

Agum I (Early 18th century)

Kashtiliash I c. 1660–?

Burnaburiash I c. 1530–1500?

Karaindash c. 1440–c. 1430

Kadashman-Harbe? (Late 15th century?)

Kurigalzu I c. 1430–1380

Kadashman-Enlil I c. 1380–c. 1359

Burnaburiash II c. 1359–c. 1334

Karahardash c. 1333

Nazi-bugash c. 1333

Kurigalzu II c. 1332–c. 1308

Nazi-Maruttash c. 1307–c. 1282

Kadashman-Turgu c. 1281–c. 1264

Kudur-Enlil c. 1254–1225

Tukulti-Ninurta c. 1225

Enlil-nadin-shumi c. 1224

Kadashman-Harbe II c. 1223

Adad-shum(a)-iddina c. 1222–1217

Adad-shum-usur c. 1216–1187

Marduk-apla-iddina I c. 1171–c. 1159

Zababa-shum-iddina c. 1158

Enlil-nadin-ahi c. 1157–1155

Marduk-kabit-ahheshu c. 1155–c. 1141

Itti-Marduk-balatu c. 1140–c. 1133

Ninurta-nadin-shumi c. 1132–c. 1127

Nebuchadrezzar I c. 1126–c. 1105

Enlil-nadin-apli c. 1104–c. 1111

Marduk-nadin-ahhe c. 1100–c. 1083

Adad-apla-iddina c. 1082–c. 1070

Marduk-ahhe-eriba c. 1069–c. 1048

Marduk-zer-x(?) c. 1046–c. 1035

Nabu-shum-libur c. 1034–1027

Simbar-Shipak c. 1026–c. 1010

Ea-mukin-zeri c. 1009

Kashshu-nadin-ahi c. 1008–1006

Eulmash-shakin-shumi c. 1005–c. 989

Ninurta-kudurri-usur I c. 988–c. 987

Shirikti-Shuqamuna c. 986

Mar-biti-apla-usur c. 985–c. 980

Ashur-rabi I? (Early 15th century)

Ashur-nadin-ahhe I (Mid-15th century)

Enlil-nasir II c. 1432–c. 1427

Ashur-nirari II c. 1426–c. 1420

Ashur-bel-nisheshu c. 1419–c. 1411

Ashur-rem-nisheshu c. 1410–c. 1403

Ashur-nadin-ahhe c. 1402–c. 1393

Eriba-Adad I c. 1392–c. 1366

Ashur-uballit I c. 1365–c. 1330

Enlil-nirari c. 1329–c. 1320

Arik-den-ili c. 1319–c. 1308

Adad-nirari I c. 1307–c. 1275

Shalmaneser I c. 1274–c. 1245

Tukulti-Ninurta I c. 1244–c. 1208

Ashur-nadin-apli c. 1207–c. 1204

Ashur-nirari III c. 1203–c. 1198

Enlil-kudurri-usur c. 1197–c. 1193

Ninurta-apil-Ekur c. 1192–c. 1180

Ashur-dan I c. 1179–c. 1134

Ninurta-tukulti-Assur c. 1133?

Mutakkil-Nusku c. 1133?

Ashur-resh-ishi c. 1133–c. 1116

Tiglath-pileser I c. 1115–c. 1076

Ashared-apil-Ekur c. 1076–c. 1075

Ashur-bel-kala c. 1074–1057

Eriba-Adad II c. 1056–c. 1055

Shamshi-Adad II c. 1054–c. 1051

Ashurnasirpal I c. 1050–c. 1032

Shalmaneser II c. 1031–c. 1020

Ashur-nirari IV c. 1019–c. 1014

Ashur-rabi II c. 1013–c. 973

Ashur-resh-ishi c. 972–c. 968

Tiglath-pileser II c. 967–c. 934

Nabu-mukin-apli c. 979–c. 945

Ninurta-kudurri-usur c. 944

Mar-bit-ahhe-iddina c. 943–c. 906

Shamash-mudammiq c. 905–c. 896

Nabu-shuma-ukin c. 895–c. 871

Nabu-apla-iddina c. 870–c. 855

Marduk-zakir-shumi c. 854–c. 819

Marduk-balassu-iqbi c. 818–c. 813

Baba-aha-iddina c. 812–?

Marduk-bel-zeri?

Marduk-apla-usur?

Eriba-Marduk c. 770–c. 761

Nabu-shuma-ishkun c. 760–c. 748

Nabu-nasir 747–734

Nabu-nadin-zeri 733

Nabu-shuma-ukin II 732

Nabu-mukin-zeri 731–729

(Tiglath-pileser) 728–727

(Shalmaneser) 726–722

Marduk-apla-iddina 721–710

(Sargon) 709

(Esarhaddon)

Shamash-shum-ukin 667–648

Kandalanu 647–627?

Ashur-resh-ishi II c. 972–c. 968

Tiglath-pileser II c. 967–c. 935

Ashur-dan II c. 934–912

Adad-nirari II 911–891

Tukulti-Ninurta II 890–884

Ashurnasirpal II 883–859

Shalmaneser III 858–824

Shamshi-Adad V 823–811

Adad-nirari III 810–783

Shalmaneser IV 782–773

Ashur-dan III 772–755

Ashur-nirari V 754–745

Tiglath-pileser III 744–727

Shalmaneser V 726–722

Sargon II 721–705

Sennacherib 704–681

Esarhaddon 680–669

Ashurbanipal 668–627?

Ashur-etil-ilani 630?–626?

Sin-shar-ishkun 622?–610

Ashur-uballit III 609

Nabopolassar 626–605

Nebuchadrezzar II 605–562

Amel-Marduk 561–560

Neriglissar 559–557

Labashi-Marduk 556

Nabonidus 555–539

Cyrus II c. 559–530

Cambyses II 530–522

Darius I 522–486

Xerxes 486–465

Artaxerxes I 465–424/23

Darius II 423–405

Artaxerxes II 405–359

Artaxerxes III 359–338

Artaxerxes IV 338–336

Darius III 336–330

Alexander the Great (reigned in Babylon from 331 to 321)

Antigonus Monophthalmos 321–301

Seleucus I Nicator (reigned in Babylon from 305 to 281

Antiochus I Soter 281–261

Antiochus II 261–246

Seleucus II 246–226

Antiochus III the Great 223–187

Seleucus III Philopator 187–176

Antiochus IV Epiphanes 176–164

Antiochus V Eupator 164–162

Demetrios I Soter 162–150

Antiochus VI Sidetes 164–129

Phraates I (ruled Babylonia from 129 to 127)

Artabanus c. 127–123

Mithridates II the Great c. 123–88

Phraates III 70–58