Encyclopedia of the Wars of the Roses

SANCTUARY

Sanctuary: translation

Sanctuary was a right of the English Church whereby cathedrals, abbeys, churches, and churchyards could serve as places of refuge for criminals, debtors, victims of abuse, and political refugees.
In theory, a person claiming sanctuary could remain unmolested in the sanctuary precincts for forty days, after which time the person had to either stand trial for his offense or confess and swear to abjure (i.e., leave) the realm. If the latter, the offender was escorted from sanctuary to the nearest port by a local constable. If no ship was immediately available, the person had to daily wade into the sea up to his knees and cry out for passage until a vessel could be found to transport him.During the Middle Ages, certain English liberties (i.e., jurisdictions exempt from royal authority) and certain sanctuaries possessing papal or royal charters were accepted as permanent places of refuge. Although the right of sanctuary was found throughout Christian Europe, it was nowhere so widely used or so highly formalized as in England.
During the WARS OF THE ROSES, the concept of sanctuary for political offenders and political refugees was both widely applied and widely violated. Queen Elizabeth WOODVILLE fled twice into sanctuary at Westminster. From October 1470 to April 1471, during the READEPTION of HENRY VI, the queen remained unmolested at the abbey, even giving birth there to her son, the future EDWARD V. Elizabeth’s second period in sanctuary, from May 1483 to March 1484, was occasioned by the death of her husband, EDWARD IV, and the ensuing political coup of her brother-in-law, Richard, duke of Gloucester, who seized custody of Edward V to prevent the establishment of a government dominated by the WOODVILLE FAMILY. In June 1483, Gloucester either pressured or compelled Elizabeth to send her son Richard PLANTAGENET, duke of York, out of sanctuary and into the duke’s custody (seeUsurpation of 1483). The queen herself remained at Westminster until finally coaxed from sanctuary by a promise of support for her daughters, who had shared her confinement.
Several times during the wars, victors on the battlefield violated sanctuary to seize and execute losers. Edward IV had Edmund BEAUFORT, duke of Somerset, and other Lancastrian survivors of the Battle of TEWKESBURY forcibly removed from Tewkesbury Abbey.Two days after the battle, Somerset and most of his sanctuary companions were condemned and then beheaded in Tewkesbury marketplace. In April 1486, Francis LOVELL, Lord Lovell, and the brothers Sir Thomas and Sir Humphrey Stafford, adherents of RICHARD III who had been in sanctuary since the Battle of BOSWORTH FIELD in the previous August, emerged from their refuge to incite rebellion against HENRY VII (seeLovell-Stafford Uprising). When the Staffords returned to sanctuary in May after the rebellion collapsed, Henry ordered them seized and brought out for trial, an action that resulted in the condemnation of both and the execution of Sir Humphrey. The Stafford case led to the first legal limitations on the right of sanctuary; after much debate, the Stafford judges ruled that sanctuary did not apply in cases of treason or for second offenses.
Further Reading:Gillingham, John,The Wars of the Roses(Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981); Goodman, Anthony,The Wars of the Roses(New York: Dorset Press, 1981); Kendall, Paul Murray,The Yorkist Age(New York: W.W. Norton, 1962); Ross, Charles,The Wars of the Roses(New York: Thames and Hudson, 1987).

  1. sanctuary—. заповедник. фаунистический заповедник. долгосрочный заказник долгосрочный заказник прибежище фаунистический заповедник...Англо-русский словарь по экологии
  2. sanctuary—Sanctuary translation Meaning the Holy Place the name given to that portion of the Chancel within the rail where the Altar stands from this fact the whole church building...American Church Dictionary and Cyclopedia
  3. sanctuary—Sanctuary translation Sanctuary A consecrated place of refuge Church architecture term dd Catholic Encyclopedia.Kevin Knight Sanctuary Sanctuary Catholic_Encycloped...Catholic encyclopedia
  4. sanctuary—sanctuary translation noun strong safety and protectionVERB SANCTUARY seek Thousands of refugees have sought sanctuaryu over the border. find take In former times...Collocations dictionary
  5. sanctuary—Sanctuary translationThe section at the commencement of the church.In it there is an altar niche and tribune.The sanctuary represents heaven of heavens where the divine t...Dictionary of church terms
  6. sanctuary—sanctuary translationa place or time wherewhen fishing is not allowed to protect the stocks or species for fish to spawn rear young or rest...Dictionary of ichthyology
  7. sanctuary—Sanctuary translationImmunity from prosecution secured by placing oneself in a sacred place. Those churches which offered sanctuary had a knocker on the main door and the...Dictionary of Medieval Terms and Phrases
  8. sanctuary—Sanctuary translation Denotes the Holy Land Ex. comp. Ps. the temple Chr. Chr. the tabernacle Ex. Lev. the holy place the place of the Presence Gr. hieron th...Easton's Bible Dictionary
  9. sanctuary—sanctuary translationA nation or area near or contiguous to the combat area that by tacit agreement between the warring powers is exempt from attack and therefore serves ...Military dictionary
  10. sanctuary—sanctuary translationSynonyms and related wordsIndian reservation adytum archives asylum bank bird sanctuary bolthole cache chapel church concealment corner cover covert ...Moby Thesaurus
  11. sanctuary—[sktjr]святилищесвятая святыхубежище прибежищенеприкосновенностьзаказник заповедник...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  12. sanctuary—святилище убежище заповедник to break the sanctuary нарушать неприкосновенность убежища to seek sanctuary искать убежища bird sanctuary птичий заповедник...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  13. sanctuary—святилище огороженная часть церкви в кот. находится престол [altar]...Англо-русский лингвострановедческий словарь Великобритания
  14. sanctuary—заказник...Англо-русский научно-технический словарь
  15. sanctuary—убежище...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  16. sanctuary—убежище...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  17. sanctuary—бот. горечавка кентаврская Gentiana centaurinumem заповедник горечавка кентаврская...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  18. sanctuary—n убежище храм...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  19. sanctuary—sanctuary [sktr] nu святилище храм заповедникbird sanctuary птичий заповедник убежище прибежище to break the sanctuary нарушать неприкосновенность убежищаto seek sanc...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  20. sanctuary—n sl туалет usu go tovisit the sanctuary...Англо-русский словарь непристойных выражений
  21. sanctuary—сущ. а святилище храм церковь б святая святых самое святое место внутри храма или церкви Syn adytum убежище прибежище to give offer provide a sanctuary давать прибежищ...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  22. sanctuary—n .strong храм святилище .strong убежище приют .strong заповедник. strong храм святилище strong убежище приют strong заповедник....Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  23. sanctuary—nto find a sanctuary находить убежище укрыватьсяto give sanctuary to smbem предоставлять политическое убежище комул.to obtain a sanctuary получать убежищеto provide sa...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  24. sanctuary—n. храм святилище алтарь убежище прибежище заповедник...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  25. sanctuary—сущ.emstrong храм святилище убежище приют заповедник....Англо-русский социологический словарь
  26. sanctuary—заказник...Англо-русский технический словарь
  27. sanctuary—убежище...Англо-русский юридический словарь
  28. sanctuary—n святилище притулокto break the sanctuary порушувати право притулкуto take sanctuary шукати притулку заповдник...Англо-украинский словарь
  29. sanctuary—n сховок притулок privilege of право притулку right of право притулку to break порушити право притулку to seek шукати притулок to violate порушити право притулку...Англо-український дипломатичний словник
  30. sanctuary—заповдник святилищ захисток притулок...Англо-український словник
  31. sanctuary—n храм святилище the of sciences храм науки ввтар святая святих притулок захисток пристановище privilege right of право притулку to break to violate порушити право ...Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  32. sanctuary—[sktr] n. храм святилищеthe sanctuary of sciences храм науки алтарь святая святыхdesecrated sanctuary оскверннная святыня. убежище приют прибежищеinviolable sanctuary...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  33. sanctuary—sanctuary [sktr] ni . храм святилище the of sciences храм науки алтарь святая святых desecrated оскверннная святыня . убежище приют прибежище inviolable наджное ...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  34. sanctuary—sktr n . храм святилище the of sciences храм науки алтарь святая святых desecrated оскверннная святыня . убежище приют прибежище inviolable наджное убежище ...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна