Catholic encyclopedia

VALERIAN

Valerian: translation

Valerian
•Biography of the Roman ruler, focusing on his treatment of Christians

Catholic Encyclopedia.Kevin Knight.2006.

Valerian
Valerian
†Catholic_Encyclopedia►Valerian
(Publius Aurelius Licinius Valerianus).
Roman emperor (253-60). Member of a distinguished family, he had held several offices before the army proclaimed him emperor in 253 at Rhaetia. Weak and irresolute, his abilities were unequal to the difficulties of the times; his son and coregent, Gallienus, was lacking also in force. Christian tradition regards him as the originator of the persecution of the Christians under Decius. Though kindly disposed towards the Christians as emperor he was driven to in severe measures by the hostile party, whose leader, the general Macrianus, aimed only to gain advantages for himself through the difficulties internal disturbances would cause the emperor.In 257 Valerian issued a rescript, in kindly language, taking from Christians the right to hold assemblies or to enter the subterranean places of burial, and sending the clergy into exile. In 258, by a new and absolutely merciless edict, bishops, priests, and deacons ( see Deacons ) were executed immediately, men of senatorial and equestrian rank were punished with degradation and confiscation of goods to be followed by death if they refused to offer heathen sacrifice, women were threatened with confiscation of their property and exile, and Christians in the imperial household were sent in chains to perform forced labour on the imperial domains. In this persecution Christian Rome and Carthage lost their leaders: Pope Sixtus was seized on 6 August, 258, in one of the Catacombs and was put to death; Cyprian of Carthage suffered martyrdom on 14 September. Another celebrated martyr was the Roman deacon ( see Deacons ), St. Lawrence. In Spain Bishop Fructuosus of Tarragona and his two deacons ( see Deacons ) were put to death on 21 January, 259. There were also executions in the eastern provinces (Eusebius, VII, xii). Taken altogether, however, the repressions were limited to scattered spots and had no great success. Valerian was finally captured by the Persians and died a prisoner. Macrianus and his two sons were killed in the struggle for the throne. Gal1ienus, who became Valerian's successor, annulled at once all his father's laws hostile to Christianity.
TILLEMONT, Histoire des empereurs, III (Brussels, 1707-39); SCHILLER, Geschichte der römischen Kaiserzeit, I (Gotha, 1883) ii, 811-23; GIBBON, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (London, 1854), ch x; LINSENMAYER, Die Bekämpfung der Christen durch den römischen Staat (Munich, 1905), 146-58; HEALY, The Valerian Persecution (Boston, 1905).
KLEMENS LÖFFLER
Transcribed by Terry Boyle

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume VIII. — New York: Robert Appleton Company.Nihil Obstat.1910.


  1. valerian—мед.сущ. валериана корень валерианы валериановые капли валериановый фарм. валериана валериановый Англорусский медицинский словарь....Англо-русский медицинский словарь
  2. valerian—A plant of the genus Valeriana having lobed or dissected leaves and cymose white or ink flowers...Crosswordopener
  3. valerian—Valerian bersetzungNebenform von Valerius Bedeutung der Krftige Starke angelehnt an ein altrmisches Geschlecht....Deutsch namen
  4. valerian—[vlrn]валерианавалериановые капли...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  5. valerian—bot. валериана валериановые капли тж. valerian drops...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  6. valerian—валериан валериана валериановый маун маунный...Англо-русский научно-технический словарь
  7. valerian—валериана Valeriana African valerian American valerian cats valerian common valerian creeping valerian false valerian garden valerian great valerian Greek valerian largef...Англо-русский словарь биологических терминов
  8. valerian—n валериана валериановые капли корень валерианы...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  9. valerian—valerian [vlrn] nu бот.u валериана валериановые капли тж.u valerian drops...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  10. valerian—сущ. бот. валериана валериановые капли тж. valerian drops...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  11. valerian—n. валерьяна валериановые капли...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  12. valerian—валериан валериана валериановый маун маунный...Англо-русский технический словарь
  13. valerian—n бот. валерана валеранов крапл...Англо-украинский словарь
  14. valerian—валерана...Англо-український словник
  15. valerian—n ч. мя Валеран....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  16. valerian—n бот. валерана фарм. валеранов крапл....Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  17. valerián—валериановый валерьяновый...Венгерско-русский словарь
  18. valerian—[vlrn] n. бот. валериана Valeriana officinalis корень валерианы. фарм. валериановые капли...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  19. valerian—valerian [vlrn] ni . бот. iвалериана Valeriana officinalisi корень валерианы . фарм. iвалериановые капли...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  20. valerian—vlrn n . бот. emвалериана Valeriana officinalisem корень валерианы . фарм. emвалериановые капли...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  21. valerian—Rzeczownik Valerian Валериан...Универсальный польско-русский словарь