Ancient Egypt

RELIGION

Religion: translation

For most of Egyptian history no attempt was made to develop a coherent religious theology for the entire country. Egypt consisted of many cities, each of which had a god or goddess to whom the inhabitants were particularly attached, along with the deity’s family represented in a local triadand often an animal or animals sacred to the local divinity. For example, Meretseger, the snake goddess of Thebes, represented a purely regional deity; however, some gods and goddesses, for example, Ptah of Memphis; Thoth of Hermopolis; or Osiris, the god of the dead, were worshipped on a national level throughout the country. The patronage of the king elevated others to the status of supreme deity, like the sky god Horus, the sun god Re of Heliopolis, the formerly obscure god Amun of Thebes, the Ptolemaic deity Sarapis, and the goddess Isis during the Roman Period. More influential deities might absorb a local god or combine to form a composite god, like Re-Harakhty or Amun-Re. Various local templesas at Heliopolis or Hermopolis conceived different myths of creation in which their god naturally played the crucial role. The only attempt to impose a more uniform worship—that of the Atendisk—by Akhenaten ended in failure.
In most cities, the gods were worshipped in major temples built or enlarged through the favor of the king and staffed with priests appointed by him. It was their duty to carry out the rituals to maintain maat and appease the gods. The bulk of the priests inherited their rank and were trained in their calling by temple schools and their relations, but the king could and did assign the top posts to royal favorites who could have been from priestly families but also from the royal family, the bureaucracy, or the military. He could also shift priests from one temple to another. Worship was not confined to the temples.
Unlike the state temples from which the local population would have been largely barred, common folk would have access to small local shrines and chapels, sometimes in their own homes, as reflected in the religious practice at Deir el-Medina.Stelae and statues of the deceased with prayers giving their name were erected in the shrines, tombs, and temples to keep the individual’s memory alive. The ancient religion was eventually replaced by Christianity and evolved into the distinctive Coptic Church.
See also Afterlife; Anat; Anhur; Anubis; Anukis; Apis; Astarte; Bastet; Buchis; Geb; Hapy; Hathor; Heryshef; Horus; Iah; Kherpi; Khnum; Khonsu; Mahes; Mehit; Meretseger; Min; Mnevis; Montu; Mut; Nefertum; Neith; Nekhbet; Nephthys; Nun; Nut; Qudshu; Renenutet; Repit; Reshep; Sakhmet; Satis; Seth; Shai; Shu; Sokar; Sons of Horus; Sopdu; Sothis; Tatenen; Taweret; Tefnut; Wadjet; Wepwawet.
Historical Dictionary Of Ancient Egypt by Morris L. Bierbrier

  1. religion—Religion translation Religion The voluntary subjection of oneself to God dd Catholic Encyclopedia.Kevin Knight Religion Religion Catholic_Encyclopediau Religion I....Catholic encyclopedia
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  4. religion—Religion translation Religion f religion...Deutsch-Englisch Worterbuch gesetz
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  7. religion—religion bersetzung religion Religion f Glaube m...Englisch-Deutsch Worterbuch gesetz
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  16. religion—Religion bersetzung religioi im allg. pietas erga deumi od. im Sinne der Alten erga deosi Gottesfurcht. sacrae opinionesi Meinungen ber heilige Dinge. res divinaei die...Kleines deutsch-lateinisches Handworterbuch
  17. religion—religion translationSynonyms and related wordsBabi Babism Bahaism Brahmanism Brahmoism Buddhism Buddhology Chen Yen Buddhism Christianity Mariolatry Mariology Mercersburg...Moby Thesaurus
  18. religion—[rln]религиямонашествокульт святыня...Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь
  19. religion—религия монашество культ святыня to get religion стать религиозным...Англо-русский дополнительный словарь
  20. religion—религия...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  21. religion—религия...Англо-русский онлайн словарь
  22. religion—n религия...Англо-русский словарь Лингвистика-98
  23. religion—religion [rldn] nu религияto get religion разг.u стать религиозным религиозное учение монашество to enter into religion постричься в монахиto be in religion быть мона...Англо-русский словарь Мюллера
  24. religion—сущ. религия externals of religion религиозная обрядность внешние проявления религиозности under the guise of religion под покровом религии to tolerate all religions ...Англо-русский словарь общей лексики
  25. religion—n .strong религия социальный институт основанный на верованиях и ритуалах .strong религиозное учение .strong культ святыня .strong мировоззрение и поведение индивида осно...Англо-русский словарь по социологии
  26. religion—nto misuse religion for political purposes злоупотреблять религией в политических целяхto practice onesem religion openly открыто отправлять религиозные культы исповед...Англо-русский словарь политической терминологии
  27. religion—n. религия религиозное учение монашество культ святыня...Англо-русский словарь редакция bed
  28. religion—сущ.emstrong религия социальный институт основанный на верованиях и ритуалах религиозное учение культ святыня мировоззрение и поведение индивида основанные на вере. compa...Англо-русский социологический словарь
  29. religion—established religion...Англо-русский юридический словарь
  30. religion—n релгя чернецтвоto enter into religion пти в ченц культ святиня...Англо-украинский словарь
  31. religion—n релгя релгйне вчення Buddhist буддизм established офцйна державна релгя в данй держав...Англо-український дипломатичний словник
  32. religion—релгя чернецтво святиня культ...Англо-український словник
  33. religion—n релгя релгйне учення чернецтво to enter into пти постригтися в ченц to lead the life of вести чернечий спосб життя культ святиня to make a of smth. зробити з чог...Англо-український словник Балла М.І.
  34. religión—f религия вера религиозность набожность благочестие долг верность слову клятвеla religin del honor долг чести монашеский орденentrar en religin постричься в монахи...Большой испанско-русский словарь
  35. religion—f en сокр. Relem религия вера вероисповедание ein Mensch ohne alle Religion безбожник человек для которого нет ничего святого закон божий предмет обучения...Большой немецко-русский и русско-немецкий словарь
  36. religion—Religionstrong f en .strong релиstrongгия вероисповеstrongдание .strong тк. sg закоstrongн боstrongжий учебный предметem...Большой немецко-русский словарь
  37. religion—f религия вера вероисповедание entrer en religion постричься в монахи в монахини религиозность homme sans religion безбожникavoir de la religion быть набожным верующим...Большой французско-русский и русско-французский словарь
  38. religion—релгя вросповдання...Дансько-український словник
  39. religion—Релгя вросповдання...Датсько-український словник
  40. religión—f вероисповедание...Испанско-русский юридический словарь
  41. religion—[rldn] n. религия религия религиозное учениеBuddhist religion буддизм. монашествоto lead the life of religion вести монашеский образ жизниto enter into religion постр...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
  42. religion—religion [rldn] ni . религия религия религиозное учение Buddhist буддизм . монашество to lead the life of вести монашеский образ жизни to enter into постричься в ...Новый большой англо-русский словарь II
  43. religion—rldn n . религия религия религиозное учение Buddhist буддизм . монашество to lead the life of вести монашеский образ жизни to enter into постричься в монахи ...Новый большой англо-русский словарь под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна
  44. religion—f религия вера вероисповедание entrer en religion постричься в монахи в монахини религиозность homme sans religion безбожник avoir de la religion быть набожным верую...Новый французско-русский словарь
  45. religion—en erрелигия вера вероисповедание...Норвежско-русский словарь
  46. religion—Релгя вросповдання...Норвезько-український словник
  47. religion—f la religion de saint Joseph pour votre religion clairer la religion de qn entrer en religion se faire une religion de . forfaire la religion du serment surprendre la r...Французско-русский фразеологический словарь
  48. religion—Религия вера...Шведско-русский словарь II
  49. religion—relijon.strong религия frmmande religionerчужие религии .strong религия вера...Шведско-русский словарь
  50. religion—Релгя вросповдання...Шведсько-український словник